A takirere kuahahe takirere whānui e whakamahia whānuitia ana, he mea tino noa. He mea whakamahi nui i roto i te mahi whakarewa, te tiaki wai, me ētahi atu rāngai. Kua mōhio te mākete ki tōna whānuitanga o ngā mahi. Haunga te ako i te takirere kuaha, i whakahaerehia hoki he rangahau hohonu ake mō te whakamahi me te rapu raruraru i ngā takirere kuaha.

Kei raro nei tētahi whakamārama whānui mō te hoahoa, te whakamahinga, te rapurongoā, te whakahaere kounga, me ētahi atu āhuatanga o ngā takirere kēti.

hanganga

Ko ngā takirere kuahaKo te hanganga he pereti kuaha me te nohoanga takirere, e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te takirere. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te takirere kuaha ko tōna tinana, nohoanga, pereti kuaha, kakau, taupoki, pouaka whakakī, repe tākai, nati kakau, wira ringaringa, me ētahi atu. Ka taea te whakarerekē i te rahi o te awaawa, ā, ka taea te kati i te awaawa i runga i te āhua o te whakarerekētanga o te tūranga whanaunga o te kuaha me te nohoanga takirere. Ka hurihia te mata hono o te pereti kuaha me te nohoanga takirere kia piri ai te kati o te takirere kuaha.

Ngā takirere ketika taea te wehewehe kia rua ngā wāhanga: te momo poro me te momo whakarara, i runga i ngā āhua hanganga rerekē o ngā takirere keti.

Ka hiritia (katia) te kuaha āhua poro o te takirere kuaha poro, mā te whakamahi i te āputa āhua poro i waenganui i te kuaha me te nohoanga takirere, e hanga ana i tētahi koki whakarara ki te rārangi pokapū o te awaawa. Ka taea e te pereti poro te whai i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ngā hipi toa.

E rua ngā momo takirere kuaha whakarara: ko ērā he tikanga whakawhānui, ko ērā kāore he tikanga whakawhānui, ā, ko ō rātou mata hiri he poutū ki te rārangi pokapū o te awaawa, ā, he whakarara tetahi ki tetahi. Kei reira ngā pū rua me te tikanga hora. Ka totoro ngā poro o ngā pū rua whakarara ki runga i te nohoanga takirere ki te taha o te pikinga hei aukati i te awaawa rere i te hekenga o ngā pū. Ka tuwhera ngā poro me ngā kuaha ina piki ngā pū. Ka tautokona te poro e te tumuaki i runga i te pereti kuaha, e piki ana ki tētahi teitei kua whakaritea, ā, ka wehe i te mata ōrite o te pereti. Ka whakamahia e te kuaha rua kāore he tikanga whakawhānui te pēhanga o te wai hei akiaki i te kuaha ki te tinana takirere i te taha putanga o te takirere kia hiritia ai te wai ina paheke ki roto i te nohoanga takirere i ngā mata nohoanga whakarara e rua.

E rua ngā wāhanga o ngā takirere kuaha: ko ngā takirere kuaha take piki me ngā takirere kuaha take huna i runga i te nekehanga o te take takirere ina whakatuwheratia, ina katihia hoki te kuaha. Ina whakatuwheratia, ina katihia rānei te takirere kuaha take piki, ka piki, ka heke te pereti kuaha me te take takirere i te wā kotahi. He rerekē, ina whakatuwheratia, ina katihia rānei te takirere kuaha take huna, ka piki, ka heke noa te pereti kuaha, ā, ka huri noa te take takirere. Ko te painga o te takirere kuaha take piki ko te taea te whakaiti i te teitei o te wāhi e nohoia ana, ko te teitei whakatuwheratanga o te awaawa ka taea te whakatau mā te teitei piki o te take takirere. Katia te takirere mā te huri i te wira ringaringa, i te kakau rānei ki te taha maui i a ia e anga atu ana ki reira.

Ngā mātāpono o te whiriwhiri i ngā takirere kuaha me ngā āhuatanga

takirere keti āhua-V

Ko ngā tono mō ngā takirere keti pereti ko:

(1) Mā te takirere kuaha papatahi me ngā kōhao whakawhiti ka māmā ake te horoi i ngā paipa e kawe ana i te hau māori me te hinu.

(2) Ngā whare penapena hinu kua parakoretia me ngā paipa.

(3) Ngā taputapu mō ngā tauranga tango hinu me te hau.

(4) Ngā pūnaha paipa iri kua whakakīia ki te matūriki.

(5) He paipa tuku hau mō te tāone.

(6) Ngā mahi paipa.

Te tikanga whiriwhiri i te takirere kuaha pereti:

(1) Whakamahia he takirere keti papa kotahi, papa rua rānei mō ngā paipa e kawe ana i te hau māori me te hinu. Whakamahia he takirere keti kotahi me te takirere keti papatahi tuwhera me te kakau tuwhera mēnā e hiahiatia ana te horoi i te paipa.

(2) Ka whiriwhiria ngā takirere kuaha papatahi me te hipi kotahi, te hipi takirua rānei, kāore he kōhao whakawhiti mō ngā paipa kawe hinu kua whakapaia me ngā taputapu rokiroki.

(3) Ka whiriwhiria ngā takirere kuaha kotahi, kuaha takirua rānei me ngā nohoanga mānu huna me ngā kōhao whakahurihuri mō ngā whakaurunga putanga tango hinu me te hau māori.

(4) Ka whiriwhiria ngā takirere kuaha pereti āhua-maripi mō ngā paipa kei roto ngā matūriki iri.

Whakamahia ngā takirere kēti papatahi me te tokotoko piki hiri-ngohengohe kuaha kotahi, kuaha rua rānei, mō ngā paipa tuku hau o ngā tāone.

(6) Ka whiriwhiria ngā takirere kuaha kotahi, kuaha takirua rānei, he tokotoko tuwhera, kāore he kōhao hurihanga mō ngā whakaurunga wai puna.

takirere kuaha poro

Ngā āhuatanga tono mō ngā takirere kuaha poro: Ko te takirere kuaha te momo takirere e whakamahia whānuitia ana. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore e taea te whakamahi mō te whakahaere, te whakawhāiti rānei, ā, he pai anake mō te whakatuwheratanga katoa, te kati katoa rānei.

Ko ngā takirere kuaha poro ka whakamahia i ngā wāhi he uaua te mahi, ā, kāore he herenga pakari mō ngā rahi o waho o te takirere. Hei tauira, he mea tika ngā wāhanga kati hei pupuri i te hiri mō te wā roa ina he pāmahana teitei, he pēhanga teitei hoki te reo mahi.

I te nuinga o te wā, e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia he takirere kuaha poro ina hiahiatia he mahi hiri pono, he pēhanga teitei, he tapahi pēhanga teitei (he rerekētanga pēhanga nui), he tapahi pēhanga iti (he rerekētanga pēhanga iti), he haruru iti, he cavitation me te vaporization, he pāmahana teitei, he pāmahana waenga, he pāmahana iti rānei (cryogenic). He maha ngā ahumahi e whakamahi ana i te hangarau tuku wai me te maimoatanga paru, tae atu ki te ahumahi hiko, te whakarewa hinu, te ahumahi petrochemical, te hinu moana, te whanaketanga tāone, te ahumahi matū, me ētahi atu.
Paearu kōwhiringa:

(1) Ngā whakaritenga mō ngā āhuatanga o te wai takirere. Ka whiriwhiria ngā takirere kuaha mō ngā tono kei reira he iti te ātete rere, he nui te kaha rere, he pai ngā āhuatanga rere, me ngā whakaritenga hiri pakari.

(2) He reo me te pēhanga teitei me te pāmahana teitei, pērā i te pāmahana teitei, te hinu pēhanga teitei, me te mamaoa pēhanga teitei.

(3) He mea hanga ki te wai (he pāmahana iti). Hei tauira, he hauwai wai, he hāora wai, he haukini wai, me ētahi atu matū.

(4) He whānui teitei, he pēhanga iti hoki, pērā i te maimoatanga paru me ngā mahi wai.

(5) Wāhi tāutanga: Tīpakohia te takirere kuaha kakau huna mēnā he iti te teitei tāutanga; tīpakohia te takirere kuaha kakau kitea mēnā kāore.

(6) Ka whai hua anake ngā takirere kuaha wete ina taea te whakatuwhera katoa, te kati katoa rānei; kāore e taea te whakarite, te whakawhāiti rānei.

Ngā Hapa me ngā Whakatikatika Noa

ngā raruraru noa o te takirere kuaha me ō rātou take

Ko ngā take e whai ake nei ka puta pinepine i muri i te whakamahinga o te takirere kēti hei hua o ngā pānga o te pāmahana reo, te pēhanga, te waikura, me te nekehanga whanaunga o ngā wāhanga pa rerekē.

(1) Te turuturu: Ko te turuturu o waho me te turuturu o roto ngā wāhanga e rua. Ko te turuturu o waho te kupu mō te turuturu ki waho o te takirere, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea te turuturu o waho i roto i ngā pouaka whakakī me ngā hononga flange.

He wetekina te repe tākai; kua waruhia te mata o te kakau takirere; kāore te momo, te kounga rānei o te whakakī e tutuki i ngā paerewa; kua tawhito te whakakī, kua pakaru rānei te kakau takirere.

Ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei ka puta ai ngā turuturu i ngā hononga flange: te koretake o te rauemi, te rahi rānei o te gasket; te kounga tukatuka o te mata hiri flange ngoikore; ngā pūtu hononga kāore i te tino whakaukia; te paipa kua whirihorahia kāore i te tika; me te kawenga tāpiri nui rawa atu ka puta i te hononga.

Ko ngā take o te turuturu o roto o te takirere ko: Te turuturu o roto nā te ngoikore o te kati o te takirere nā te kino o te mata hiri o te takirere, te pūtake ngoikore rānei o te mowhiti hiri.

(1) Ko te tinana takirere, te taupoki, te kakau takirere, me te mata hiri o te flange he maha ngā wā ka pāngia e te waikura. Ko te mahi a te reo me ngā tukunga katote mai i ngā whakakī me ngā gaskets ngā tino take o te waikura.

(2) Ngā karawarawa: Te pakarukaru, te kiri rānei o te mata i te wā e neke ana te nohoanga takirere me te kuaha tetahi ki tetahi i a ia e pā ana tetahi ki tetahi.

Te tiaki i te takirere kuaha

(1) Te whakatika i te turuturu o te takirere o waho

Hei ārai i te piko o te repe, me te waiho i tētahi āputa mō te whakakīkī, me taurite ngā pūtu repe i mua i te pēhi i te takai. Hei ārai i te pānga ki te hurihanga o te kakau takirere, kia tere ai te tawhito o te takai, kia poto ai hoki te roa o te mahi o te takai, me huri te kakau takirere i te wā e pēhi ana i te takai kia ōrite te takai huri noa, kia kore ai hoki e tino kikī te pēhanga. Ka waruhia te mata o te kakau takirere, kia māmā ai te rere o te wai. I mua i te whakamahinga, me tukatuka te kakau takirere kia tangohia ngā karawarawa i tōna mata.

Mena kua pakaru te gasket, me whakakapi. Mena i hē te whiriwhiri i te rauemi o te gasket, me whiriwhiri he rauemi e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga. Mena he iti iho te kounga tukatuka o te mata hiri flange, me tango te mata, me whakatika. Kia eke rā anō ki te taumata e tika ana, ka tukatukahia anō te mata hiri flange.

Hei tāpiritanga, ko te whakakīkī i ngā pūtu o te flange, te hanganga paipa e tika ana, me te karo i te taumahatanga tāpiri nui ki ngā hononga flange he mea āwhina anō hoki ki te ārai i ngā turuturu o te hononga flange.

(2) Te whakatika i te turuturu o te takirere o roto

Ina herea te mowhiti hiri ki te pereti, ki te nohoanga rānei o te takirere mā te pēhi, mā te miro rānei, ko te whakatikatika i te turuturu o roto ko te tango i te mata hiri kua pakaru me te pakiaka wetekina o te mowhiti hiri. Kāore he raruraru o te pakiaka wetekina, o te turuturu rānei mēnā ka rongoatia tonutia te mata hiri ki te tinana takirere me te pereti takirere.

Mena ka tukatukahia tika te mata hiri ki te tinana takirere, ā, kua tino pakaru te mata hiri, me tango tuatahi te mata hiri kua pakaru. Mena he mowhiti hiri te mata hiri, me tango te mowhiti tawhito, ka hoatu he mowhiti hiri hou. Me tango te mowhiti hiri hou, kātahi ka hurihia te mata tukatuka hei mata hiri hou. Mā te huri ka taea te whakakore i ngā hapa o te mata hiri he iti iho i te 0.05mm te rahi, tae atu ki ngā karawarawa, ngā puranga, ngā kuru, ngā pakaru, me ētahi atu hapa.

Ko te pūtake o te mowhiti hiri te wāhi e tīmata ai te turuturu. Me whakamahi he rīpene Tetrafluoroethylene, he peita mātotoru rānei ki te nohoanga takirere, ki te raro rānei o te awaawa mowhiti o te mowhiti hiri ina pēhia. Ina mirohia te mowhiti hiri, me whakamahi he rīpene PTFE, he peita mātotoru rānei i waenganui i ngā miro hei aukati i te turuturu o te wai i waenganui i ngā miro.

(3) Te whakatika i ngā takirere waikura

He maha ngā poka o te kātua takirere, engari ko te tinana takirere me te taupoki he rite tonu te waikura. Me tango atu ngā hua waikura i mua i te whakatikatika. Mena he poka poka tō te kātua takirere, me mīhini ki runga i te mīhini hurihuri hei tango i te poka, kātahi ka whakakīia ki tētahi rauemi ka āta tukuna i roto i te wā. Waihoki, me horoi te whakakī ki te wai whakapūkara hei tango i ngā katote kino ka pā kino ki te kātua takirere.

(4) Te whakatika i ngā pakaru o te mata hiri

Ngāna kia kaua e rakuraku te mata hiri i te wā e whakamahia ana te takirere, ā, kia tūpato kei kati rawa. Mā te huri ka taea te whakakore i ngā rakuraku i runga i te mata hiri.

Te tirotiro i ngā takirere kuaha e whā

He wāhanga nui ngā takirere kuaha rino o te mākete me ngā hiahia o ngā kaiwhakamahi i ēnei rā. Me mātau koe ki te tirotiro kounga hua me te hua tonu kia angitu ai koe hei kaitirotiro kounga hua.

ngā tūemi mō te tirotiro i te takirere kuaha rino

Ko ngā tohu, te matotoru iti rawa o te pakitara, ngā whakamātautau pēhanga, ngā whakamātautau anga, me ētahi atu, koia ēnei ngā wāhanga matua. Ko te matotoru o te pakitara, te pēhanga, me te whakamātautau anga ētahi o ēnei, ā, he mea nui ēnei hei tirotiro. Ka taea te aromatawai tika i ngā hua kāore i te whai mana mēnā he mea kāore i te whai mana.

I roto i te poto, e kore e taea te kī ko te tirotiro kounga hua te wāhanga tino nui o te tirotiro hua katoa. Mā te māramatanga hōhonu ki ngā taonga kua tirotirohia ka taea ai e tātou te mahi tirotiro pai ake. Hei kaimahi tirotiro o mua, he mea nui kia whakapai tonu tātou i tō tātou ake kounga.