E whakaae ana ngā tohunga whai mana ko tepūnaha whakamakuku atamaiKa taea e te pūmanawa me te kaiwhakahaere te penapena rauemi wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga rerekē ki te whakataurite ki ngā kaiwhakahaere whakamakuku tuku iho. Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau whakatairite ka taea te penapena wai ki te 30% ki te 50%. E whakaatu ana tētahi whakamātautau i whakahaerehia e te Irrigation Research Institute (IA, Rice University International Water Research Center, California, USA) ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere whakamakuku atamai te penapena neke atu i te 20% o te wai i ngā kaiwhakahaere whakamakuku tuku iho.

I whakamātauhia e tētahi atu rangahau pūtaiao tētahi tauira pūmanawa pūnaha whakahaere/kaiwhiwhi tohu.pūnahaKei roto i te pūmanawa he pūmana whakamakuku tuku iho. Ka whakaaetia te pūmana i muri i te whakarerekētanga. Ko te penapena wai o waho e ahu mai ana i te whakaritenga i mua i te tāutanga mō ngā tau e rua. Ka inehia, ka whakatikatikaina hoki i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te rangi. Ko te penapena toharite o waho i pūrongohia ko te 16%, e ai ki ngā pūrongo he rite ki te 85% o ngā penapena pea i runga i te ET tohutoro.

Te pānga o te kaiwhakahaere whakamakuku atamai ahuwhenua ki te penapena wai

Kua whakahaerehia e mātou he rangahau pūtaiao mō te whakamakuku e penapena ana i te wai e pā ana ki ngā hoa mahi penapena wai, he hononga tēnei o ngā taputapu hiko e 24. Ka tatauhia te penapena wai i runga i te whakamahinga o te wā o mua, ā, kua whakatikatikaina ngā āhuatanga o te rangi. E ai ki ngā pūrongo, mō ngā wāhi e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko whakahaere, ka penapenahia e ia wāhi e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko whakahaere ua he 20.73 tana ia tau, ā, ka penapenahia e ia wāhi he 100 tana ia tau.

Mō te whānui, he nui ake te penapena wai me te utu o te pūnaha whakahaere aunoa whakamakuku atamai i ngā tikanga whakamakuku tuku iho. He nui ngā rauemi me ngā utu ka penapenahia ki tētahi taumata. Nō reira, me hoko he pūnaha whakahaere whakamakuku penapena wai mō te ahuwhenua me te whakatipu kararehe. He kaha te hua, ā, he kounga kua whakamanahia!

Ko te whakatipu huawhenua i roto i ngā whare kati kōtuhi te huarahi matua hei whakapiki moni mā ngā kaimahi huawhenua, he iti te utu, he nui hoki te hua. I taua wā anō, koinei te ia o te whanaketanga o ngā huawhenua kore parahanga. Nā te whakatipu tau whakainu atamai tonu, ka nui ake te kino o te mate nematode pakiaka, te pirau pakiaka, te ngenge fusarium me ētahi atu mate i roto i te whare kati kōtuhi rā me te tote oneone, ka pā ki te pikinga o te whakaputanga huawhenua me te moni whiwhi. Nā te whakatairanga i te pūnaha rauropi kore oneone, te matū koiora kakau witi me te hangarau mate me te whakahaere pepeke kua tutuki ngā pānga ōhanga, pāpori me te taiao.

1. Te whakapūngao hau i te tuanui: Kua whakamahia te wheketere huawhenua hihi o te rā, ā, kua whakamahia te tikanga matapihi whakarara-pūrerehua o te tuanui.

2. Whakahaunga taha: Tāutahia ngā matapihi papa kirihou hiato 60mm ki te taha rawhiti me te taha hauauru o te Sunlight Vegetable Factory i te teitei o te 0.6m mai i te whenua, ko te teitei o te matapihi he 1.2m;

3. Te hanganga o te wheketere huawhenua Sunlight; ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā taputapu whakamahana me ngā taputapu whakamatao ko te rerekētanga o te pāmahana, te nui o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea ahuwhenua me te kukū o te hauhā i waenga i ngā wāhi rerekē o ngā hua huawhenua Sunlight, me te pāmahana hau i roto i te wāhi e tipu ana o te hua, kia ōrite ai te tohatoha o te haumākū me te kukū o te hauhā, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te pā hau hei rere hangai i te hau.

4. Kupenga Ārai-ngārara: Tāutahia ngā kupenga ārai-ngārara he whānui 1.8m mai i te kanohi 20 ki te 32 ki ngā wāhanga tuwhera katoa hei ārai me te rongoā i ngā pepeke kino. Ko ngā mate pāwera me te whakatipu kupenga ārai-ngārara he hangarau ahuwhenua hou, whai hua hoki, e pai ana ki te taiao, e whakanui ana i te whakaputanga me te hanga arai wehewehe horihori ki runga i ngā whata. I waho o ngā kupenga e pei ana i ngā pepeke, e tapahi ana i te ara whakaputa uri o ngā pepeke (pakeke), me ngā momo pepeke, hei tauira, he whai hua te whakahaere i ngā anuhe, huawhenua, ngā ngaru mā, me ngā aphids. He tūponotanga kei roto ko te aukati i te horapa o ngā pīrere pekepeke, te noke pīti, te Liriomyza sativae, me te Spodoptera litura, tae atu ki te horapa o ngā mate huaketo, ā, he mahi kei a ia ko te horapa mārama, te atarangi taurite, me te hauhautanga. He pai ngā āhuatanga mō te hanga i te tipu hua e tika ana. Ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga o ngā patupatu matū ki ngā mara huawhenua, ā, ka whakarato i tētahi hangarau kaha mō te whakaputa hua ahuwhenua matomato kore-parahanga mō te whakaputa hua kounga teitei, akuaku me te whakaputa hua.

I te whanaketanga o te mōhiohio me te whakahoutanga ahuwhenua, kua tino honoa te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea ki te umanga ahuwhenua. Ka whai wāhi ngā taputapu Ipurangi o ngā Mea ki te pūnaha whakahaere aunoa mā roto i ngā taputapu me ngā taputapu maha, ā, ka whakaratohia he pūtake pūtaiao mō te whakahaere i te ine pēhanga + te takirere pōro + te kaiwhakahaere copy.png mō te pānga kati kōtuhi. I runga i tēnei, i whānau mai he whare atamai. Kei hea te "whakaaro nui" o te kati kōtuhi kirihou? 1. Te pūnaha whatunga Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ngā taputapu whakahaere aunoa, te pūnaha whakainu aunoa Zhejiang pūnga kohikohi maha-mahi, te pūoko pāmahana, te pūoko haumākū,whakamakuku atamaiHe pūoko uara PH, me te pūoko whakamārama kua whakatakotoria ki runga i te tuanui atamai whakahaere atamai. Ka taea e ēnei taputapu, tae atu ki ngā pūoko hauhā waro, te kite i ngā tawhā ā-tinana pērā i te pāmahana, te haumākū whanaunga, te pH, te kaha o te mārama, ngā matūkai oneone, te kukū hauhā waro, me ētahi atu i roto i te taiao, ā, he taiao pai mō te whakatipu hua.

Mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha whatunga Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te kimi tere i ngā raruraru, ā, ka taea te whakatau tika i te wāhi o te raruraru, me te whakahaere atamai i te whakaputanga ahuwhenua. He taputapu hiko-mīhini te whare kati kōtuhi penapena-hiko atamai pērā i ngā kati hiko, ngā pā, te whakamakuku hiko me ngā pūnaha whakamakuku, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te mana mamao. Ka taea e ngā kaihanga te takiuru ki te pūnaha mā te waea pūkoro, mā te rorohiko whaiaro rānei, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i te takirere wai i roto i te whare kati kōtuhi, te pā o te otinga whakamakuku atamai, me te pana ārai; ka taea hoki te whakarite i te arorau whakahaere, ā, ka taea e te pūnaha te whakatuwhera, te kati rānei i te ārai, te takirere wai, te pupuhi, me ētahi atu, kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o roto me waho. Mōta rūma. 3. Uiui atamai I muri i te takiuru o te kaihanga ki te pūnaha mā te waea pūkoro, mā te rorohiko whaiaro rānei, ka taea e ia te uiui i ngā tawhā taiao katoa, ngā pihi pāmahana me te haumākū o mua, me ngā rekoata mahi taputapu hiko-mīhini o mua i roto i te whare kati kōtuhi i te wā tūturu. Ka taea te tirotiro i te mahi whakaoho o ngā whakaahua o mua i te wā tūturu. Te rohe me te rohe raro, ngā momo hua, te huringa tipu, me te whakarerekē i a rātou kia rite ki ngā uara tautuhinga kia rite ki ngā huringa o ngā wā. Ina nui ake te uara o tētahi raraunga i te uara rohe, ka tukuna tonutia e te pūnaha whatunga Ipurangi o ngā Mea he karere whakatūpato ki te kaihanga e tika ana, ā, ka taea te aroturuki me te whai i ngā mahi e whakamōhio ana ki te kaihanga i te wā tika. I muri i te tiaki a ngā pūoko aroturuki me ngā pūnaha whatunga i ngā raraunga aroturuki katoa, ka noho hei puna whai hua mō te aroturuki hua mō te whakaputanga ahuwhenua. Ka taea e ngā whare atamai te whakatutuki i te mahi tuhi huringa ora o ngā hua ahuwhenua, tae atu ki ngā hua ahuwhenua katoa mai i te wā whakatipu tipu ki te wā kotinga.