Mā te whakaurunga o ngā whakaritenga rauemi mata, ngā whakaritenga hoahoa, ngā whakaritenga hanga, ngā whakaritenga mahi, ngā tikanga whakamātautau, ngā whakaritenga tono pūnaha, me te whanaungatanga i waenga i te pēhanga me te pāmahana i roto i ngā paerewa hua takirere kirihou o te ao me ngā paerewa tikanga whakamātautau, ka taea e koe te mārama ki te hiri e hiahiatia ana mō ngā takirere kirihou. Ngā whakaritenga whakahaere kounga taketake pēnei i te whakamātautau, te whakamātautau taipana me te whakamātautau kaha ngenge. I roto i te āhua o tētahi ripanga, ka whakarāpopototia ngā whakaritenga mō te whakamātautau hiri nohoanga, te whakamātautau hiri tinana takirere, te whakamātautau kaha tinana takirere, te whakamātautau roa o te takirere, te whakamātautau kaha ngenge me te taipana whakahaere e hiahiatia ana mō ngā whakaritenga mahi o ngā hua takirere kirihou. Mā te matapaki i ētahi raruraru i roto i ngā paerewa o te ao, ka puta te āwangawanga i ngā kaihanga me ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā takirere kirihou.

I te mea kei te piki haere tonu te ōwehenga o ngā paipa kirihou i roto i te tuku wai wera me te wai matao me ngā tono hangarau paipa ahumahi, kei te piki haere te hiranga o te whakahaere kounga o ngā takirere kirihou i roto i ngā pūnaha paipa kirihou.

Nā te māmā, te ātete ki te waikura, te kore e mimiti i te tauine, te hononga whakauru ki ngā paipa kirihou, me te roa o te ora o ngā takirere kirihou, ka whakamahia ngā takirere kirihou ki te tuku wai (ina koa ko te wai wera me te whakamahana) me ētahi atu wai ahumahi. I roto i te pūnaha paipa, kāore e taea te whakataurite i ōna painga tono ki ētahi atu takirere. I tēnei wā, i roto i te hanga me te tono o ngā takirere kirihou ā-whare, kāore he tikanga pono hei whakahaere i a rātou, ka hua ake he kounga koretake o ngā hua takirere kirihou mō te tuku wai me ētahi atu wai ahumahi, ka puta he katinga ngoikore me te turuturu nui i roto i ngā tono hangarau. I hangaia he kōrero kāore e taea te whakamahi i ngā takirere kirihou, ka pā ki te whanaketanga whānui o ngā tono paipa kirihou. Kei te hangaia ngā paerewa ā-motu o tōku whenua mō ngā takirere kirihou, ā, ko ā rātou paerewa hua me ngā paerewa tikanga kua hangaia kia rite ki ngā paerewa o te ao.

I te ao whānui, ko ngā momo takirere kirihou ko ngā takirere pōro, ngā takirere pūrerehua, ngā takirere tirotiro, ngā takirere diaphragm, me ngā takirere porowhita. Ko ngā āhua hanganga ko ngā takirere rua-ara, toru-ara me te maha-ara. Ko ngā rauemi mata ko te ABS,PVC-U, PVC-C, PB, PE,PPme PVDF me ētahi atu

I roto i ngā paerewa o te ao mō ngā hua takirere kirihou, ko te whakaritenga tuatahi ko ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga takirere. Me whai te kaihanga o ngā rauemi mata i tētahi pihi pakaru ngokingoki e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa o ngā hua paipa kirihou. I taua wā anō, kua whakaritea te whakamātautau hiri, te whakamātautau tinana takirere, me te whakamātautau mahi roa, te whakamātautau kaha ngenge me te taipana whakahaere o te takirere, ā, ko te roanga ratonga hoahoa o te takirere kirihou e whakamahia ana mō te kawe wai ahumahi he 25 tau.

Ngā whakaritenga hangarau matua o ngā paerewa o te ao

1 Ngā whakaritenga rauemi mata

Me whiriwhiri te rauemi o te tinana takirere, te taupoki me te taupoki kia rite ki te ISO 15493:2003 "Ngā pūnaha paipa kirihou ahumahi-ABS, PVC-U me te PVC-C-Ngā whakatakotoranga pūnaha paipa me te taunga-Wāhanga 1: Raupapa Ine" me te ISO 15494: 2003 "Ngā Pūnaha Paipa Kirihou Ahumahi—PB, PE, mePP—Paipa me te WhakapiringaNgā Whakatakotoranga Pūnaha—Wāhanga 1: Raupapa Ine.”

2 Ngā whakaritenga hoahoa

a) Mena kotahi anake te ahunga pēhanga o te takirere, me tohu ki te pere i te taha waho o te tinana takirere. Me tika te takirere he hoahoa ōrite mō te rere wai e rua-ara me te wehe.

b) Ka peia te wāhanga hiri e te kakau takirere hei whakatuwhera me te kati i te takirere. Me whakanoho ki te pito, ki tētahi tūranga rānei i waenganui mā te waku, mā ngā whakaoho rānei, ā, kāore e taea e te pēhanga wai te whakarerekē i tōna tūranga.

c) E ai ki te EN736-3, me tutuki i te kōhao iti rawa o te kōhao takirere ngā tohu e rua e whai ake nei:

— Mō tētahi kōhao e rere ana te reo i runga i te takirere, kaua e iti iho i te 90% o te uara DN o te takirere;

— Mō tētahi takirere e hiahia ana tōna hanganga ki te whakaiti i te diameter o te reo e rere ana, me kī te kaihanga i tōna kōhao iti rawa tuturu.

d) Me tutuki te hiri i waenganui i te kakau o te takirere me te tinana takirere ki ngā whakaritenga o te EN736-3.

e) Mō te ātete kakahu o te takirere, me whai whakaaro te hoahoa o te takirere ki te roa o te mahi a ngā wāhanga kua kakahuria, me tohu rānei e te kaihanga he taunakitanga hei whakakapi i te takirere katoa i roto i ngā tohutohu whakahaere.

f) Me eke te tere rere e tika ana mō ngā taputapu whakahaere takirere katoa ki te 3m/s.

g) Ki te tirohia mai i te tihi o te takirere, me kati te takirere e te kakau, e te wira rānei o te takirere kia anga whakamuri.

3 Ngā whakaritenga hanga

a) Me rite ngā āhuatanga o ngā rauemi mata kua hokona ki ngā tohutohu a te kaihanga, ā, me tutuki hoki ngā whakaritenga paerewa o te hua.

b) Me tohu te tinana takirere ki te waehere rauemi mata, te diameter DN, me te pēhanga ingoa PN.

c) Me tohu te tinana takirere ki te ingoa o te kaihanga, ki te tohu hokohoko rānei.

d) Me tohu te tinana takirere ki te rā whakaputa, ki te waehere rānei.

e) Me tohu te tinana takirere ki ngā waehere o ngā wāhi whakaputa rerekē a te kaihanga.

4 Ngā whakaritenga mahi mō te wā poto

Ko te mahi poto he mea tirotiro wheketere i roto i te paerewa hua. Ko te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana mō te whakamātautau hiri o te nohoanga takirere me te whakamātautau hiri o te tinana takirere. Ka whakamahia hei tirotiro i te mahi hiri o te takirere kirihou. Me whakarite kia kaua te takirere kirihou e whai turuturu ā-roto (turuturu nohoanga takirere). , Kaua he turuturu ā-waho (turuturu tinana takirere).

Ko te whakamātautau hiri o te nohoanga takirere hei manatoko i te mahi a te pūnaha paipa wehe takirere; ko te whakamātautau hiri o te tinana takirere hei manatoko i te turuturu o te hiri kakau takirere me te hiri o ia pito hononga o te takirere.

Ko ngā huarahi hei hono i te takirere kirihou ki te pūnaha paipa ko:

Hononga whakarewa pūtu: ko te diameter o waho o te wāhanga hononga takirere he rite ki te diameter o waho o te paipa, ā, ko te mata pito o te wāhanga hononga takirere kei te ritenga atu o te mata pito o te paipa mō te whakarewa;

Hononga hononga pūwero: ko te wāhanga hononga takirere kei te āhua o te pūwero, e herea ana ki te paipa;

Hononga pūwero hiko: ko te wāhanga hononga takirere he rite ki te pūwero me te waea whakamahana hiko e whakatakotoria ana ki te diameter o roto, ā, he hononga hiko ki te paipa;

Hononga rewa-wera o te hononga: ko te wāhanga hononga takirere he rite ki te hononga, ā, ka honoa ki te paipa mā te hononga rewa-wera;

Hononga hononga pūwero: Ko te wāhanga hononga takirere he rite ki te pūwero, e honoa ana, e whakapūwerohia ana ki te paipa;

Hononga mowhiti hiri rapa tūhono: Ko te wāhanga hononga takirere he momo tūhono me te mowhiti hiri rapa o roto, he tūhono me te hono ki te paipa;

Hononga flange: Ko te wāhanga hononga takirere kei te āhua o te flange, e hono ana ki te flange i runga i te paipa;

Hononga miro: ko te wāhanga hononga takirere kei te āhua o te miro, e honoa ana ki te miro i runga i te paipa, i te hononga rānei;

Hononga ora: Ko te wāhanga hononga takirere he hononga ora, e honoa ana ki ngā paipa, ki ngā hononga rānei.

Ka taea e te takirere te whakamahi i ngā momo hononga rerekē i te wā kotahi.

Te whanaungatanga i waenga i te pēhanga whakahaere me te pāmahana

I te pikinga ake o te pāmahana whakamahinga, ka poto ake te roa o te ora mahi o ngā takirere kirihou. Hei pupuri i te roa o te ora mahi, me whakaiti te pehanga whakamahinga.