Wai tap(e kiia ana ko te wai taputapu, te wai taputapu, te wai ā-rohe rānei) he wai e tukuna ana mā roto i ngā taputapu me ngā takirere inu. Ko te wai taputapu te tikanga e whakamahia ana mō te inu, te tunu kai, te horoi me te horoi i ngā wharepaku. Ka tohatohahia te wai taputapu o roto mā roto i ngā "paipa o roto". Kua noho tēnei momo paipa mai anō i ngā wā onamata, engari kāore i tukuna ki te hunga torutoru tae noa ki te haurua tuarua o te rautau 19 i te tīmatanga o te rongonui i ngā whenua whakawhanake o ēnei rā. I noho noa te wai taputapu i roto i te maha o ngā rohe i te rautau 20, ā, inaianei kua ngaro te nuinga i waenga i te hunga rawakore, inā koa i ngā whenua whakawhanake.

I roto i te nuinga o ngā whenua, ko te wai paipa e pā ana ki te wai inu. Ko ngā tari kāwanatanga te nuinga o te wā e tirotiro ana i te kounga owai punaKa taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga purenga wai o te whare, pērā i te tātari wai, te kohua, te whakahoro rānei, hei rongoā i te poke o te wai paipa hei whakapai ake i tōna ngāwari ki te inu. Ko te whakamahinga o ngā hangarau (pērā i ngā tipu maimoatanga wai) e whakarato ana i te wai ma ki ngā kāinga, ki ngā pakihi, me ngā whare tūmatanui he wāhanga nui o te hangarau akuaku. Mā te karanga i te puna wai "wai paipa" ka wehewehea ai i ētahi atu momo wai māori nui e wātea ana; kei roto i ēnei ko te wai mai i ngā puna kohi wai ua, te wai mai i ngā papu o te kāinga, o te tāone rānei, te wai mai i ngā puna, i ngā awaawa, i ngā awa, i ngā roto rānei (tērā pea ka rerekē te ngāwari ki te inu).

papamuri
Ko te whakarato wai paipa ki ngā tāngata o ngā tāone nui, o ngā takiwā rānei, me whai pūnaha kohikohi, rokiroki, tukatuka, me te tohatoha matatini, ā, he kawenga tēnei mā ngā tari kāwanatanga.

I ngā wā o mua, ko te wai kua rongoatia e te marea kua honoa ki te pikinga nui o te roanga o te oranga me te whakapainga o te hauora tūmatanui. Ka taea e te patu huakita wai te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā mate wai pēnei i te kirika taipoi me te korara. He nui te hiahia kia patu huakita te wai inu puta noa i te ao. Ko te whakakōkōwai te tikanga patu huakita wai e whakamahia whānuitia ana i tēnei wā, ahakoa ka taea e ngā matū kōkōwai te tauhohe ki ngā matū i roto i te wai ka puta he hua patu huakita (DBP) e raru ai te hauora o te tangata. Ko ngā āhuatanga whenua ā-rohe e pā ana ki te wai whenua te mea nui mō te noho o ngā momo iona whakarewa, e "ngawari" ai, e "pakeke ai" rānei te wai.

Kei te noho tonu te wai paipa hei ārai i te parahanga koiora, matū rānei. He raru nui tonu te parahanga wai puta noa i te ao. E 1.6 miriona ngā tamariki e mate ana i ia tau i ngā mate e pā mai ana i te inu wai poke. Mēnā e kiia ana he kino te parahanga ki te hauora o te marea, ka tukuna e ngā āpiha kāwanatanga ngā taunakitanga mō te inu wai. Mēnā he parahanga koiora, e taunakihia ana kia kohuatia te wai e ngā kainoho, kia whakamahia rānei te wai pounamu hei huarahi kē atu i mua i te inu. Mēnā he parahanga matū, me karo pea ngā kainoho i te inu i te wai paipa kia ea rā anō te raruraru.

I roto i ngā rohe maha, ka tāpirihia ngā kukū iti o te fluoride (< 1.0 ppm F) ki te wai puna hei whakapai ake i te hauora o ngā niho, ahakoa he take tautohenga tonu te "whakakī fluoride" i roto i ētahi hapori. (Tirohia te tautohe mō te whakakī fluoride i roto i te wai). Heoi, ko te inu roa i te wai he nui te kukū fluoride (> 1.5 ppm F) ka pā he pānga kino nui, pērā i te fluorosis niho, te papa enamel me te fluorosis angaanga, me ngā āhua rerekē o te wheua i roto i ngā tamariki. Ko te kaha o te fluorosis e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te fluoride i roto i te wai, me te kai me te korikori tinana o te tangata. Ko ngā tikanga tango fluoride ko ngā tikanga e hangai ana ki te membrane, te precipitation, te absorption, me te electrocoagulation.

Te ture me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga
Amerika
Ko te Tari Tiaki Taiao o Amerika (EPA) e whakahaere ana i ngā taumata e whakaaetia ana o ētahi parahanga i roto i ngā pūnaha tuku wai tūmatanui. Tērā pea kei roto i te wai puna he maha ngā parahanga kāore i raro i te ture a te EPA engari he kino pea ki te hauora o te tangata. Me whakarato ngā pūnaha wai hapori—arā, ko ērā e mahi ana ki te rōpū tangata kotahi puta noa i te tau—ki ngā kiritaki he "pūrongo whakapono kaihoko" ā-tau. E tautuhia ana e te pūrongo ngā parahanga (mēnā he mea kei roto) i te pūnaha wai, ā, e whakamārama ana hoki i ngā pānga hauora pea. Whai muri i te Flint Lead Crisis (2014), i aro nui ngā kairangahau ki te rangahau i ngā au o te kounga wai inu puta noa i te United States. Kua kitea ngā taumata mata kore haumaru i roto i te wai puna i ngā tāone rerekē, pērā i a Sebring, Ohio i te marama o Ākuhata 2015 me Washington, DC i te tau 2001. He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu, i te toharite, tata ki te 7-8% o ngā pūnaha wai hapori (CWS) e takahi ana i ngā take hauora o te Ture Wai Inu Haumaru (SDWA) i ia tau. Nā te noho mai o ngā parahanga i roto i te wai inu, tata ki te 16 miriona ngā take o te gastroenteritis whakapeka i te United States i ia tau.

I mua i te hanganga, i te whakarerekētanga rānei i te pūnaha tuku wai, me tirotiro ngā kaihoahoa me ngā kaimahi kirimana i ngā ture putorino ā-rohe, me te tiki whakaaetanga hanga i mua i te hanganga. Tērā pea me whai whakaaetanga me te tirotiro mahi te whakakapi i tētahi whakamahana wai o nāianei. Ko te paerewa ā-motu o te US Drinking Water Pipeline Guide he rauemi kua whakamanahia e te NSF/ANSI 61. I whakatūria hoki e te NSF/ANSI ngā paerewa mō te whakamana i ngā kēne maha, ahakoa i whakaaetia ēnei rauemi e te Food and Drug Administration (FDA).