Nā te whakapainga ake o ngā paerewa oranga o te tangata, te mōhiotanga ki te tiaki taiao me ngā āwangawanga hauora, kua tīmata te hurihanga matomato i roto i te umanga rauemi hanga whare i roto i te ao o te tuku wai me te rerenga wai. E ai ki te maha o ngā raraunga aroturuki kounga wai, ko ngā paipa rino piauau matao ka waikura i muri i te iti iho i te 5 tau o te oranga ratonga, ā, he kino te haunga rino. I amuamu ngā kainoho ki ngā tari kāwanatanga tetahi i muri i tetahi, ka puta he momo raruraru pāpori. Ki te whakataurite ki ngā paipa whakarewa tuku iho, he māmā ngā āhuatanga o ngā paipa kirihou, he ātete ki te waikura, he kaha te pēhi, he akuaku me te haumaru, he iti te ātete ki te rere o te wai, he penapena pūngao, he penapena whakarewa, he taiao noho pai ake, he roa te oranga ratonga, me te watea o te tāutanga. He pai ki te hapori hangarau, ā, he tūranga tino nui, he hanga i tētahi ia whanaketanga koretake.

Ngā āhuatanga me te whakamahinga o te paipa kirihou

﹝一﹞Polypropylene pipe (PPR)

(1) I roto i ngā kaupapa hanga me te tāutanga o nāianei, ko te nuinga o ngā paipa whakamahana me te tuku wai he paipa (ngā wahi) PPR. Ko ōna painga he watea me te tere o te tāutanga, he ohanga me te pai ki te taiao, he mama, he hauora me te kore paitini, he ātete wera pai, he ātete waikura, he pai te mahi tiaki wera, he roa te ora me ētahi atu painga. Kotahi te rahi o te diameter o te paipa i te diameter ingoa, ā, kua wehea motuhaketia ngā diameter o te paipa ki DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN63, DN75, DN90, DN110. He maha ngā momo hononga paipa, tī, tuke, rawhi paipa, whakaiti, mono paipa, rawhi paipa, whāriki, whakairi. He paipa wai matao me te wai wera, he ngongo rīpene kakariki te paipa wai matao, ā, he ngongo rīpene whero te paipa wai wera. Kei roto i ngā takirere ko ngā takirere pōro PPR, ngā takirere porowhita, ngā takirere pūrerehua, ngā takirere kuaha, me ērā he rauemi PPR me te matua parahi i roto.

(2) Ko ngā tikanga hononga paipa ko te whakarewa, te whakarewa wera me te hononga miro. Ko te hononga whakarewa wera te mea tino pono, ngāwari ki te whakahaere, he pai te ātete hau, ā, he kaha te hononga. Ka whakamahia e te hononga paipa he hononga honohono ringaringa mō te hononga whakarewa wera. I mua i te hononga, tangohia te puehu me ngā mea ke mai i ngā paipa me ngā taputapu. Ina mura te rama whero o te mīhini, ā, he pumau, whakaritea ngā paipa (ngā wahi) hei hono. DN<50, ko te hohonutanga whakarewa wera he 1-2MM, ā, DN<110, ko te hohonutanga whakarewa wera he 2-4MM. I te wā e hono ana, whakatakotoria te pito paipa me te kore e hurihuri. Whakauruhia ki roto i te koti whakamahana kia tae ki te hohonu kua whakaritea. I taua wā anō, panaia ngā hononga paipa ki runga i te pane whakamahana me te kore e hurihuri hei whakamahana. Kia tae ki te wā whakamahana, tangohia tonutia ngā paipa me ngā hononga paipa mai i te koti whakamahana me te pane whakamahana i te wā kotahi, ka whakauruhia ki te hohonutanga e hiahiatia ana me te tere me te ōrite me te kore e hurihuri. Ka hangaia he flange ōrite ki te hononga. I roto i te wā whakamahana kua tohua, ka taea te whakatikatika i te hononga hou kua whakarewahia, engari kāore e tino āraia te hurihuri. I te whakamahana i ngā paipa me ngā hononga, āraia te wera nui, ā, kia angiangi te matotoru. Ka pēhia te paipa i roto i te hononga paipa. Kāore e whakaaetia kia hurihuri i te wā e whakauruhia ana te ngongo wera me te whakatikatika. Kaua e waiho he mura tuwhera ki te wāhi mahi, ā, kāore e whakaaetia kia tunua te paipa ki te mura tuwhera. Ina whakarārangihia te paipa me ngā hononga wera ki runga, whakamahia he kaha māmā hei ārai i te piko o te tuke. Kia oti te hononga, me pupuri pūmau ngā paipa me ngā hononga kia mau tonu te wā whakamatao, ā, ka taea te tuku i ngā ringaringa i muri i te whakamatao ki tētahi taumata. Ina honoa te paipa PP-R ki te hononga paipa whakarewa, me whakamahi he paipa PP-R me te whakaurunga whakarewa hei whakawhiti. Ka honoa te hononga paipa me te paipa PP-R mā te putanga wera-rewa, ā, ka honoa ki te hononga paipa whakarewa, ki ngā hononga taputapu rānei o ngā taputapu horoi. Ina whakamahi ana i te hononga miro, he mea tika kia whakamahia he rīpene rauemi mata polypropylene hei whakakī hiri. Mena kua honoa te taputapu ki te puna mopa, tāutahia he tuke wahine (miro ki roto) ki te pito o te paipa PPR ki runga. Kaua e whakamahia te kaha nui rawa i te wā e tāuta ana i te paipa, kia kore ai e pakaru ngā hononga miro, kia kore ai hoki e turuturu te hononga. Ka taea hoki te tapahi i te paipa mā ngā paipa motuhake: me whakarite te pūwero o te kutikuti paipa kia ōrite ki te diameter o te paipa e tapahia ana, ā, me ōrite te kaha i te wā e hurihuri ana, e tapahi ana hoki. I muri i te tapahi, me whakapōtaia te whati ki te porowhita ōrite. Ina whati te paipa, me poutū te wāhanga ki te tuaka o te paipa, me te kore he kōhao.

Paipa Polyvinyl Chloride Mārō (UPVC)

(1) Ka whakamahia ngā paipa UPVC hei waikeri. Nā te mama, te ātete ki te waikura, te kaha, me ētahi atu, he whānuitia te whakamahinga mō te tāutanga paipa. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, ko te roa o te mahi he 30 ki te 50 tau te roa. He maeneene te pakitara o roto o te paipa UPVC, ā, he iti te ātete ki te waku wai, e whakakore ana i te hapa e pā ana ki te rere o te waikura me te tauine o te paipa rino maka. Kotahi te rahi o te diameter o te paipa i te diameter ingoa.Ngā hononga paipakua wehea ki ngā tī whakarara, ki ngā ripeka, ki ngā tuke, ki ngā rawhi paipa, ki ngā whakaiti, ki ngā mono paipa, ki ngā mahanga, ki ngā rawhi paipa, me ngā whakairi.

(2) Ringihia te kāpia hei hononga. Me rūrū te kāpia i mua i te whakamahinga. Me horoi ngā paipa me ngā wāhanga o te pūwero. Ko te iti o te āputa o te pūwero, ko te pai ake. Whakamahia he kakahu emery, he mata kani rānei hei whakakorikori i te mata o te hononga. Paraihia te kāpia kia angiangi ki roto i te pūwero, ka pania te kāpia kia rua ngā wā ki waho o te pūwero. Taria kia maroke te kāpia mō te 40-60 hēkona. I muri i te whakaurunga ki te wāhi, me aro nui ki te whakanui ake, ki te whakaiti rānei i te wā whakamaroke kāpia i runga i ngā huringa āhuarangi. Kāore e whakaaetia te wai i te wā e hono ana. Me whakatakoto te paipa kia papatahi ki roto i te awaawa i muri i te whakaurunga. Kia maroke te hononga, tīmata te whakakī anō. I te whakakī anō, whakakīia te porowhita o te paipa ki te onepu, ā, waiho kia whakakīia te wāhanga hononga kia nui. Whakamahia ngā hua mai i te kaihanga kotahi. I te hononga o te paipa UPVC ki te paipa maitai, me horoi te hononga o te paipa maitai, me whakapiri, me whakamahana te paipa UPVC kia ngawari (engari kaua e wera), kātahi ka whakaurua ki runga i te paipa maitai, ka whakamatao. He pai ake te tāpiri i tētahi rawhi paipa. Mena kua pakaru te paipa i tētahi wāhi nui, ā, me whakakapi te paipa katoa, ka taea te whakamahi i te hononga takirua hei whakakapi i te paipa. Ka taea te whakamahi i te tikanga whakarewa hei whakahaere i te turuturu o te hononga whakarewa. I tēnei wā, ringihia te wai i roto i te paipa i te tuatahi, ā, hangaia te paipa kia puta he pēhanga kino, kātahi ka werohia te piri ki ngā pūwero o te wāhanga e turuturu ana. Nā te pēhanga kino i roto i te ngongo, ka momihia te piri ki roto i ngā pūwero hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te aukati i te turuturu. Ko te tikanga here papaki e aro nui ana ki te turuturu o ngā pūwero iti me ngā hononga i roto i ngā paipa. I tēnei wā, whiriwhiria he paipa 15-20cm te roa o te rahi kotahi, tapahia kia roa, whakakorikoria te mata o roto o te anga me te mata o waho o te paipa hei whakapiri kia rite ki te tikanga here hononga, ā, taupokina te wāhi e turuturu ana ki te piri. Ko te tikanga muka karāhe ko te whakarite i tētahi otinga kapia ki te kapia epoxy me te kaihoko whakaora. I muri i te whakakī i te otinga kapia ki te kakahu muka karāhe, ka takai ōrite ki te mata o te wāhanga e turuturu ana o te paipa, o te hononga rānei, ā, ka huri hei FRP i muri i te whakamaroke. Nā te mea he māmā te hanganga o te tikanga, he ngāwari ki te whakahaere i te hangarau, he pai te pānga mono me te iti o te utu, he nui te whakatairanga me te uara whakamahi i roto i te utu ārai-mimi me te turuturu.