He wāhanga nui ngā paipa me ngā takirere matū o te hanga matū, ā, ko te hononga hoki o ngā taputapu matū maha. Me pēhea te mahi a ngā takirere e 5 e tino kitea ana i roto i ngā paipa matū? Ko te kaupapa matua? He aha ngā takirere paipa me ngā hononga matū? (11 ngā momo paipa + 4 ngā momo hononga paipa + 11 ngā takirere nui) Ngā paipa matū, ka mōhiotia katoatia ēnei mea i roto i te tuhinga kotahi!

Ngā paipa matū me ngā hononga takirere

Ka whakarōpūtia ngā momo paipa matū e ai ki ngā rauemi: ngā paipa whakarewa me ngā paipa kore-whakarewa.

Ngongo whakarewa

Ngā paipa rino maka, ngā paipa maitai tuitui, ngā paipa maitai tuitui, ngā paipa parahi, ngā paipa konumohe, me ngā paipa mata.

①Paipa rino maka:

Ko te paipa rino maka tētahi o ngā paipa e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā paipa matū.

Nā te pakarukaru me te kore e piri te hononga, he pai anake mō te kawe i ngā mea pēhanga iti, ā, kāore e pai mō te kawe i te mamaoa pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei me ngā matū paitini me ngā matū pahū. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā paipa wai o raro whenua, ngā puna hau me ngā paipa waipara. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga o ngā paipa rino maka e whakaatuhia ana e te diameter o roto Ф × te matotoru o te pakitara (mm).

②Paipa maitai tuitui:

E ai ki te pēhanga mahi, ka wehea ngā paipa maitai tuitui ki ngā paipa wai hau noa (ātete ki te pēhanga 0.1 ~ 1.0MPa) me ngā paipa matotoru (ātete ki te pēhanga 1.0 ~ 0.5MPa).

Ko te tikanga, e whakamahia ana hei kawe i ngā wai pēhanga pērā i te wai, te hau, te mamaoa whakamahana, te hau kōpeke, me te hinu. Ko ngā paipa piauau ka kiia he paipa rino piauau, he paipa piauau rānei. Ko ngā mea kāore i te piauau ka kiia he paipa rino pango. Ko ōna whakatakotoranga e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te diameter ingoa. Ko te diameter ingoa iti rawa ko te 6mm, ā, ko te diameter ingoa mōrahi ko te 150mm.

③Paipa maitai kore-tuitui:

Ko te painga o te paipa maitai tui kore ko tōna kounga ōrite me tōna kaha teitei.

Ko ngā rauemi he maitai waro, he maitai kounga teitei, he maitai iti-koranu, he maitai kore waikura, me te maitai ātete-wera. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā tikanga hanga, e rua ngā momo: ngā paipa maitai kore hononga kua hurihia wera-whakamahana me ngā paipa maitai kore hononga kua tōia matao. I roto i te hangarau paipa, ka whakamahia ngā paipa kua hurihia wera-whakamahana ina neke atu i te 57mm te whānui, ā, ka whakamahia ngā paipa kua tōia matao ina iti iho i te 57mm te whānui.

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā paipa maitai kore-whakauru hei kawe i ngā momo hau pēhanga katoa, ngā kohu me ngā wai, ā, ka taea te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei ake (tata ki te 435°C). Ka whakamahia ngā paipa maitai koranu hei kawe i ngā mea waikura, ā, i roto i ēnei ko ngā paipa koranu ātete-wera ka taea te tu atu i ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 900-950℃. Ko te whakatakotoranga o te paipa maitai kore-whakauru e whakaatuhia ana e te diameter o roto Ф × te matotoru o te pakitara (mm).

Ko te whānui o waho mōrahi o te paipa tōia matao he 200mm, ā, ko te whānui o waho mōrahi o te paipa huri wera he 630mm. E ai ki te whakamahinga, ka wehea ngā paipa maitai kore hononga ki ngā paipa whānui kore hononga me ngā paipa motuhake kore hononga, pērā i ngā paipa kore hononga pakaru hinu, ngā paipa kore hononga kōhua, me ngā paipa kore hononga tongi.

④ Paipa parahi:

He pai te whakawhiti wera o te ngongo parahi.

E whakamahia ana i roto i ngā paipa o ngā taputapu whakawhiti wera me ngā taputapu cryogenic, ngā ngongo ine pehanga taputapu, ngā ngongo kawe wai pēhanga rānei, engari ki te teitei ake te pāmahana i te 250 ℃, kāore e pai kia whakamahia i raro i te pēhanga. Nā te mea he nui ake te utu, ka whakamahia whānuitia i ngā wāhi nui.

⑤Ngongo konumohe:

He pai te ātete o te konumohe ki te waikura.

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā ngongo konumohe hei kawe i ngā mea pērā i te waikawa whanariki kukū, te waikawa acetic, te hauwai whanariki me te hauhā waro, ā, he maha hoki ngā whakamahinga i roto i ngā whakawhiti wera. Kāore ngā ngongo konumohe e ātete ki te kawakore, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi hei kawe i ngā otinga kawakore me ngā otinga kei roto ngā katote kōhaita.

I te mea ka heke te kaha ā-pūkaha o te ngongo konumohe i te pikinga o te pāmahana, kāore e taea e te pāmahana whakamahinga o te ngongo konumohe te neke ake i te 200°C, ā, ka iti iho te pāmahana whakamahinga mō te paipa pēhanga. He pai ake ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te konumohe i ngā pāmahana iti, nō reira ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia ngā ngongo konumohe me te koranu konumohe i roto i ngā taputapu wehewehe hau.

⑥ Paipa mata:

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā paipa mata hei paipa kawe i ngā mea waikawa. Ka taea e rātou te kawe i te 0.5%-15% waikawa whanariki, te hauhā waro, te 60% waikawa hauwaiwai, me te waikawa acetic me te kukū iti iho i te 80%. Kāore e pai mō te kawe i te waikawa hauota, te waikawa hypochlorous me ētahi atu mea. Ko te pāmahana mahi mōrahi o ngā paipa mata he 200℃.

Ngongo kore-whakarewa

Paipa kirihou, paipa kirihou, paipa karāhe, paipa uku, paipa sima.

①Paipa kirihou:

Ko ngā painga o ngā paipa kirihou he ātete pai ki te waikura, he mama, he watea te hanga me te ngāwari ki te tukatuka.

Ko te ngoikoretanga ko te kaha iti me te ātete wera iti.

I tēnei wā, ko ngā paipa kirihou e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā paipa polyvinyl chloride mārō, ngā paipa polyvinyl chloride ngohengohe, ngā paipa polyethylene,ngā paipa polypropylene, me ngā paipa whakarewa me te polyolefin me te polychlorotrifluoroethylene i rehuhia ki te mata.

②Ngongo rapa:

He pai te ātete ki te waikura o te ngongo rapa, he mama, he pai te kirihou, he ngāwari, he watea hoki te tāutanga me te wetewete.

Ko ngā ngongo rapa e whakamahia whānuitia ana he mea hanga ki te rapa maori, ki te rapa hangai rānei, ā, he pai mō ngā wā kāore e nui te pēhanga.

③Ngongo karāhe:

He pai ngā painga o te ngongo karāhe, arā, he ātete ki te waikura, he mārama, he ngāwari ki te horoi, he iti te ātete, ā, he iti hoki te utu. Ko te ngoikoretanga, he pakarukaru, ā, kāore e taea te tu atu ki te pēhanga.

He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mahi whakamātautau, i ngā mahi whakamātautau rānei.

④Ngongo uku:

He rite ngā uku matū ki te karāhe, ā, he pai te ātete ki te waikura. Haunga te waikawa hauwaiwai, te waikawa fluorosilicic me ngā kawakore kaha, ka taea e rātou te tu atu ki ngā kukū rerekē o ngā waikawa inorganic, ngā waikawa waro me ngā whakarewa waro.

Nā te iti o te kaha me te pakarukaru, e whakamahia ana hei tango i ngā mea waikura i roto i ngā waikeri me ngā paipa hauhautanga.

Paipa sima:

Ka whakamahia whānuitia i ngā wā kāore i te teitei te pēhanga me te hiri o te paipa hononga, pērā i ngā paipa waipara me ngā paipa rerenga wai i raro i te whenua.